Ecuador Banana Sector Faces Margin Squeeze as AEBE Enters Wage Negotiations

Ecuador's banana sector -- the world's largest exporter with $3.8 billion in 2025 shipments -- is grappling with a profitability squeeze as the Asociacion de Exportadores de Banano del Ecuador (AEBE) enters formal wage negotiations with agricultural labour unions and the Ministry of Labour.

The government has proposed an 8% increase in the sectoral minimum wage for banana workers, which would raise the monthly base to approximately $478, up from $443. The proposal follows a broader 5.1% increase in Ecuador's general minimum wage to $475 that took effect on January 1.

Cost pressures mounting

AEBE president Jose Antonio Hidalgo warned that the wage increase, while "socially understandable," would compound a series of cost headwinds:

Labour: Represents 42% of total production cost; an 8% hike adds ~$0.35/box
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"At the current official minimum support price of $6.50 per 43-lb box, many small and mid-sized producers are already operating at or below breakeven," Hidalgo told reporters. "An across-the-board wage increase without a corresponding adjustment to the support price will push marginal farms out of business."

Structural challenges

Ecuador exported approximately 6.7 million metric tonnes of bananas in 2025, but growth has slowed to 2% annually as the country faces intensifying competition from Guatemala, the Philippines, and India. The Fusarium Tropical Race 4 (TR4) fungal threat, while not yet detected in Ecuador, has prompted $28 million in government-funded biosecurity measures at ports and border crossings.

AEBE has proposed a compromise: a 5% wage increase paired with a $0.25 per box increase in the official support price to $6.75, plus expanded access to subsidised crop insurance for producers with fewer than 30 hectares.

The Ministry of Labour has set a March 15 deadline for reaching a sectoral agreement. Approximately 2.5 million Ecuadorians depend directly or indirectly on the banana value chain.